The present study on the plant nematodes associated with Bt cotton crop growth in northern Karnataka, India covered several aspects like a nematode random survey in Bt cotton-growing areas of the state, nematode community analysis, pathogenicity and biology of a dominant nematode and reaction of Bt cotton cultivars and hybrids to that nematode. A random survey undertaken in the Bt cotton-growing districts of northern Karnataka for the associated nematodes in

Both resistance and tolerance, which are two strategies that plants use to limit biotic stress, are affected by the abiotic environment including atmospheric CO2 levels. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO2 would reduce resistance (i.e., the ability to prevent damage) but enhance tolerance (i.e., the ability to regrow and compensate for damage after the damage has occurred) of tomato plants to the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera.