Quantifying the impacts of idling or idling stops is not a straight forward equation, as it includes a variety of parameters including the types of vehicles on the road, age of
the vehicles, vehicular combustion and emission control technology, the traffic load on the roads leading to the congestion times, and hence forth. A survey is essential to

This paper arises from a concern over the lack of information (quantitatively) on the contributions of different source categories of air pollution in developing countries -
especially for fine particulate matter (PM), which is the major contributor to the adverse health effects of air pollution. Without reliable and accurate source information, it is

The development of modern biofuels for various energy applications is gaining momentum - both in terms of applications and impacts. Liquid biofuels for transport received special attention in the literature and numerous studies on the sustainability (economic and environmental) of large-scale biofuels production continue to be undertaken.

This multi-agency study was designed to prepare a co-benefit action plan for air pollution control in Hyderabad, India, with base year 2006. The program included a year long source apportionment study, bottom-up air pollution analysis and co-benefits analysis of the city action plan.