The three-page text suggests the level of agreement reached by the morning of the final day of the UN climate change summit is extremely weak. It says countries 'ought' to limit global warming to 2C, but does not bind them to do so.

To know more click on the following URL:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/dec/18/copenhagen-climate-change

In this essay, the authors describe some important themes in energy and environmental policy.

Elizabeth Malone

This research examines the overall efficiency of carbon offsetting with Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), the carbon credits that developed countries are allowed to use to offset some of their emissions under the Kyoto Protocol. It shows that for every

This report from the Green New Deal Group argues that the UK is currently missing a historic opportunity in the pre-budget report to tackle public debt, create thousands of new green jobs and kick-start the transformation to a low-carbon economy.

This paper claiming gap to 44Gt emissions in 2020 (associated with a 50/50 2C pathway) is only 2Gt, assuming high end of current pledges.

Forests offer a one-time opportunity to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Approximately 20% of the emissions reductions needed by 2020 to prevent global temperatures rising above 2oC can be achieved by reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation, conserving forest carbon stocks and enhancing forest
carbon stocks through afforestation and reforestation.

This report provides background information that is relevant to assessing the ambition levels of the major countries involved in the current international climate negotiations. The EU

Negotiating a new global deal on climate change has proved to be one of the most complex international processes in recent history. There are uncertainties over what countries are willing and able to do, the ability of cost-efficient technologies to deliver the needed emissions cut and the timing and cost of the effort required.

The history of financial support for developing countries is seen by many as littered with disappointments and broken promises that have eroded trust to an unprecedented level. Whatever financial regime is to emerge from the Copenhagen Climate Conference, it will have to remedy this situation. This is highly unlikely without some form of financial commitments.

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