Concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere surged at a record-breaking speed in 2016 to the highest level in 800 000 years, according to the World Meteorological Organization's Greenhouse Gas Bulletin. The abrupt changes in the atmosphere witnessed in the past 70 years are without precedent.

This study of humanitarian preparedness measures focuses on the 2015–2016 El Niño event in five countries: Zambia, Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Malawi. Chapters 2–6 of this study detail country-level measures to prepare for potential El Niño related impacts.

This document provides a compendium of the main findings and lessons learnt from food security climate analyses undertaken by WFP and partners under the Climate Adaptation Management and Innovation Initiative (C-ADAPT).

Food Security and Emigration: Why people flee and the impact on family members left behind in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras shows the need to invest in long-term programmes to discourage people in the Dry Corridor from emigrating, and to reduce the risks for emigrants and the impact on the families left behind.

This factsheet, from the Raising Risk Awareness initiative, examines the impact of the 2015-16 drought on Ethiopia’s drought management systems. Ethiopia has two major rainy seasons. The belg season runs from February to May and provides rainfall for agriculture in the centre of Ethiopia, as well as pasture for livestock.