Growing population and rise in income level will lead to increase in demand of high-value agriculture (HVA) produce that includes fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, fish and value-added food products. The annual growth rate in domestic demands for fruits
and vegetables is estimated at 3.34% and 3.03% respectively. The required growth rates to meet projected demands in the horticulture sub-sector for 2050 may be lower than the growth already achieved during 1998–99 to 2006–07.

Carrying capacity (CC) in the context of Indian agriculture, denotes the number of people and livestock an area can support on a sustainable basis. CC is dynamic in nature, varying from time to time based on utilization of resources, technology application and
management. In India, rainfed agriculture occupies nearly 58% of the cultivated area, contributes 40% of country’s food production, and supports 40% of the human and 60% of the livestock population.

A study was conducted to estimate soil organic pool (SOC) in three land uses viz. forests, horticulture and grasslands in Chamoli district.

Promotion and growth of the pollination enterprise can help improve livelihoods for several mountain farming families by
generating employment and income as well as boosting the production and quality of crop. Managed pollination of apples as practiced in Himachal Pradesh, India is an excellent example of enhancing income and food security of not only apple
farmers but also beekeepers. However, there is a need for scientific research, capacity building of farmers and putting appropriate rules in place to strengthen the system of managed pollination of apples in the state.