The present report is the official inventory submission of the European Union (EU) for 2021 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and also under the Kyoto Protocol (KP).

The Paris Agreement established a Global Stocktake process as a key safeguard mechanism to facilitate enhancement of the NDCs toward meeting the collective goals of the Agreement. This paper examines the questions of what an effective Global Stocktake process would look like, and what information and data are needed to support it.

Billed as a ‘super year’ for climate diplomacy, international efforts to address the climate crisis in 2020 were among the myriad processes affected by COVID-19. Amid worldwide travel restrictions and lockdown measures, climate diplomacy moved to virtual mode.

A new report produced by the UN Secretariats of the Basel, Minamata, Rotterdam, & Stockholm conventions maps the interlinkages between hazardous chemicals, wastes and climate change, which combine to impact on efforts to conserve and restore nature.

There are clear challenges and opportunities for getting climate negotiations on track in 2021. After a lacklustre COP25, the vaunted 2020 ‘super year’ designed to reset the UNFCCC process succumbed to the COVID-19 pandemic.

From 2024, all countries will face more stringent reporting requirements on their climate action under the Paris Agreement’s enhanced transparency framework (ETF). For developing countries — and the least developed countries (LDCs) in particular — it is a big step up from existing arrangements.

Under the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) of the Paris Agreement, Parties will be required to report information on national GHG inventories using a set of Common Reporting Tables (CRTs). The CRTs can provide an important source of data at the international and national levels.

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) is a key nature-based solution (NBS) for the forest sector.

UN Climate Change has published an initial assessment of Nationally Determined Contributions, the NDC Synthesis Report, showing nations must redouble efforts and submit stronger, more ambitious national climate action plans in 2021 if they’re to achieve the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global temperature rise by 2°C—ideally 1.5°C—by the end

Because of the international community’s delay in cutting carbon emissions, some degree of reliance on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options is now inevitable to achieve the Paris Agreement’s long-term temperature goal. This report seeks to answer questions regarding implementation of CDR options at scale.

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