Environmental flow of the river Sone at Indrapuri barrage was estimated using 36 years of discharge data and the Global Environmental Flow Calculator Software. To maintain the river in moderate condition and to keep basic ecosystem functions intact, at least 18.9% of mean annual runoff (MAR) has been estimated, while the annual discharge of the river was merely 5.16% of MAR. The river presently holds 89 fish species, but 20 species reported in an earlier study were not observed, while 14 new species were encountered.

In a warming world, species distribution models have become a useful tool for predicting plausible shifts of a species occurrence enforced by climate change. Using maximum entropy (Mexent) model, we analysed present and future distribution patterns of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in two distinct bio-greographical regions of India: the Western Ghats having a good distribution of rubber plantations at present and the Brahmaputra Valley, where rubber trees are recently being cultivated.

Camelina sativa or false flax is an oil yielding plant of the family Brassicacease. It is an annual crop of the temperate region. In India, Defense Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), a constituent Institute of Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), is working on bio-diesel production from Jatropha curcas and is also doing research on C. stativa.

Global warming exists in computations and sometimes reconstruction but without much support from measurements directly by thermometers or indirectly by tide gauges. The global temperatures have not been exponentially rising but mostly oscillating over the last century about a constant longer term warming trend.

The levels of heavy metals are measured at different dumpsites with different distances and directions under the jurisdiction of Greater Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad for ascertaining the soil and groundwater quality and forecasting as a part of integrated municipal solid waste (MSW) management study.

Mass concentration of black carbon (BC) near the surface (within the planetary atmospheric boundary layer) was measured using a seven-channel aethalometer at Kolkata, a metropolitan city in the Indian tropical region, during the period from June 2012 to May 2013.

Weather-generating models are widely used for studying the climate change over longer periods. LARS-WG model was evaluated for southern Telangana region (Hayathnagar, Yacharam and Rajendranagar). A 30 year base weather data (1980-2010) was used to generate the long-term weather series from 2011 to 2060.

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS), a disease listed by World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) has been reported in 26 countries across 4 continents. Till date, 94 fish species have been fouund to be naturally infected with EUS and its host range is gradually expanding. In the year 2010-11, outbreaks resulting in heavy fish mortality were recorded in wetland districts of Uttar Pradesh, India and EUS was confirmed as the cause of mortality.

An attempt was made to understand the influence of climate change on future potential distribution of Oriental fruit fly (OFF), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a polyphagous pest on a wide variety of fruit crops in India.

Original Source

We often hear that planting trees can help cool the environment. This may work not only at a household level, but also on the planetary scale-large scale afforestation has been advanced by the United Nations as a means of mitigating global climate change. At the garden level, trees provide shade and relief from the summer heat. On the planetary scale, how do trees help cool the earth? (Guest Editorial)