It is practically axiomatic that rainfall is redistributed as throughfall, stemflow and canopy interception in forest ecosystems. The redistribution pattern in the present study was observed in the fifteen years old block plantations of Aegle marmelos, Emblica officinalis, Syzgium cumini, Tamarindus indica and Terminalia bellerica at JNKVV Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Secondary succession in tropical areas following recent human disturbances is becoming more common. This is particularly evident in regions of tropical rainforests, long valued by conservationists for their remarkable species diversity.

Hydrological characteristics and sedimentation loading in Hokersar wetland of Kashmir Himalaya was monitored from November 2000 to october 2001. The compound water budget showed a substantial (91 percent) input from various surface inflows and just 9 per cent through precipitation.

Think of an invasion, and the picture that comes to mind is usually that of planes and tanks, machines and men, shells and gunshots. But animal and plant species also run amok, especially when they enter an ecosystem where they didn t previously exist. Af

In recent decades, wild boar numbers have increased worldwide. Wild boar can adapt to a wide range of habitats and foods and have the highest reproductive rate among ungulates. Therefore, wild boar can have a very substantial environmental impact and affect many ecosystem components. This paper summarises studies of the environmental impact of wild boar. Very few studies have quantified the impact of wild boar on plant and animal communities. Most of those studies indicate that wild boar can greatly affect species abundance, species richness. soil chemestry and food webs.