The 2021 Ibrahim Forum Report provides a comprehensive analysis of this impact from the perspectives of health, society, politics, and economics. Informed by the latest data, it sets out the challenges exposed by the pandemic and the lesson learned.

Influenza, or flu, and air pollution are significant public health risks that impact nations around the world with large economic consequences. The authors of this paper show that increased levels of air pollution significantly increase the rate of hospitalisation for people with flu.

In this work present two unit-level decommissioning schedules that are aligned with a Paris Agreement compatible CO2 emission reduction pathway. Both of these schedules require 4.2 GW of coal capacity to be retired each year, and units currently under construction would only be able to operate for four years at the most.

The assessment highlights the critical role that cutting methane emissions, including from the fossil fuel industry, plays in slowing the rate of global warming. Cutting human-caused methane by 45% this decade would keep warming beneath a threshold agreed by world leaders.

This annual issue brief highlights the progress at the city, state, and national levels in 2021 to improve India’s resilience to the health risks of extreme heat. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) in its annual seasonal outlook for the summer expects the 2021 heat season to be warmer than usual over most regions of India.

Cancer-causing benzene from oil refineries escaping into mostly minority and lower income neighborhoods exceeded the federal action level for 13 refineries across the U.S. in 2020, according to data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Air pollution costs Indian business about USD 95 billion (7 lakh crores) every fiscal year, around 3% of India’s total GDP, a major research report shows. The cost is equal to 50% of all tax collected annually, or 150% of India’s healthcare budget.

The aim of this document is to assist national tuberculosis (TB) programmes in developing the strongest possible mechanisms of surveillance for drug resistance in TB, building on more than 25 years of global experience.

How can the world reach herd immunity against COVID-19 before the second anniversary of the pandemic, or March 2022? A study of vaccine demand and supply answers this question.