Global freshwater vulnerability is a product of environmental and human dimensions, however, it is rarely assessed as such. Our approach identifies freshwater vulnerability using four broad categories: endowment, demand, infrastructure, and institutions, to capture impacts on natural and managed water systems within the coupled human–hydrologic environment. These categories are represented by 19 different endogenous and exogenous characteristics affecting water supply vulnerability.

The concepts of vulnerability and resilience govern contemporary natural hazard-led disaster risk management approaches. However, the empirical assimilation of socioeconomic resilience and its calibration with poverty and vulnerability are very few, which inhibit a rational process of risk analysis and policy making. In this study, we performed an empirical investigation of socioeconomic resilience to natural hazard-triggered disasters regarding tropical cyclone affected communities in southwestern coastal Bangladesh.