Foundation for International Environmental Law and Development (FIELD) has prepared a new guide to “Protecting the marine environment in areas beyond national jurisdiction”. It provides a guide to the legal framework for conservation and management of biodiversity in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction.

This paper aims to investigate if and to what extent litigation under public international law may help to address climate change and possibly facilitate a positive and timely outcome of the current negotiation process. It provides a snapshot analysis of the current legal discourse, and tries to ascertain whether the threat or pursuit of litigation provides a credible legal option.

International transport, both aviation and maritime shipping, is a critical element of the global economy and trade. At the same time, it is also one of the main drivers of human-induced climate change.
This background paper is intended to explore the many aspects of regulating international transport emissions in the context of trade.

Negotiating access and benefit sharing (ABS) under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) with a view to mutual supportiveness with other international agreements is a challenging task. This report highlights many key interfaces that must be taken into consideration if a new international regime is to be mutually supportive with already established international commitments.

Intended as a contribution to the ongoing negotiations of an international regime on access and benefit sharing (ABS) under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), this report clarifies the main interfaces with other international agreements and processes relevant for ABS, with a view to the challenges of ensuring mutual supportiveness.

A new treaty that aims to close fishing ports to ships involved in illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has been approved by FAO's governing Conference. Once it enters into force, it will be the first ever legally binding international treaty focused specifically on this problem.

The US submission to the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) proposes an agreed outcome for the UN Copenhagen Climate Change Conference in the form of

Marine litter is a global concern affecting all the oceans of the world. It poses environmental, economic, health and aesthetic problems that are rooted in poor solid waste management practices, lack of infrastructure, indiscriminate human activities and behaviours and an inadequate understanding on the part of the public of the potential consequences of their actions.

This handbook seeks to provide a comprehensive and cohesive perspective on the major International Environmental Agreements to which India is a party, along with India’s position and role in impleme