The urban metabolism framework maps the activities of cities from their consumption of materials, the different activities associated with those processes, and the wastes produced.

This paper illustrates the consequences of the search for energy security and its relationship to regional trade and cooperation.

The changing structure of agricultural trade in a globalizing world has become an integral part of effective rural development. In this context, contract farming has emerged as a promising rural development strategy that has gained momentum in the region, providing technical training, production inputs, and market linkages to smallholders.

The paper finds that energy efficiency policies in Asia are expected to have a positive impact on private consumption, government expenditures, and investment. Such policies would also lead to a significant rise in trade within the region while reducing trade outside.

Asian countries have a unique opportunity to transform themselves and leapfrog older technologies to lead the global knowledge-based economy of the future, says a new report from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Asia has a youthful population and large middle-class market.

This paper on Urban Poverty in Asia looks at the different dimensions of poverty in Asia, both income and nonincome, its two main regions, including a brief account of who and what class of people are affected most by poverty and deprivation.

The paper examines the current status and future prospects of the electricity sectors and key policy issues in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), India, Japan, and the Republic of Korea.

Water availability has a tremendous impact on water resources development and socioeconomic sustainability, particularly in arid and semiarid areas. A thorough assessment of water availability and demand is essential in preparing any water resources development and management plan.

The Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2014, the 45th edition of this series, includes the latest available economic, financial, social, and environmental indicators for the 48 regional members of the Asian Development Bank.

Mongolia’s mining-based economic development and the sustainability of its urban economies depend on both water and energy. The examination of the water