This report presents the methodology and lessons learned from a climate change adaptation study conducted under the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Core Environment Program. The study yielded a framework and methodology for assessing climate vulnerability and adaptation options for rural communities in the GMS.

Field observations in Central Asia indicate that the climate has been warming and the consequences of this trend have already been observed. Disasters related to climate change destroy settlements, agricultural land, and infrastructure. Central Asian countries should therefore develop resilience and adapt to climate change.

This 2014 edition of the annual Asian Development Outlook ‡ provides a comprehensive analysis of economic performance in the past year and offers forecasts for the next 2 years for the 45 economies in Asia and the Pacific that make up developing Asia. It recognizes that, as emerging demographic and environmental challenges are expected to compete for public resources in the years ahead, regional governments will need to explore options for mobilizing more revenue as they build equity objectives into their fiscal plans.

This paper explores energy access, energy poverty, and energy development as energy security concerns confronting Asia and the Pacific. Improved access to energy services is arguably the key defining characteristic of economic development.

Bangladesh today faces a different future than it did decades ago when relatively abundant natural gas seemed to be the key to prosperity. To support more evidence-based dialogue on energy development, allocation, and pricing reform, this study uses a computable general equilibrium model to evaluate major energy policy issues facing Bangladesh.

This regional study includes the People’s Republic of China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Mongolia and examines how strategies for adapting to climate change up to 2050 can be combined with measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in East Asia.

This ADB paper reviews the recent developments in world food markets and examines the larger challenges for Asia in ensuring sustainable food security and inclusive rural growth.

This report provides an energy outlook for the region up to the year 2035 to help identify policy, social, infrastructure, and technology issues that must be addressed to meet future energy needs of ADB members in Asia and the Pacific.

This guidance note provides an overview of the carbon financing market in the post-2012 context and provides guidance on how to access carbon finance. Also highlights good practices in low-carbon urban development.

The water-food-energy nexus is emerging as a critical issue in Asia and the Pacific. It is clear that solutions must be found to assure water security, thereby eliminating the immediate--and increasing--risk to food security, energy security, and economic growth and stability: water must be recognized as an economic as well as a social good.