This report describes and estimates implementation costs for key monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements for low emissions development programs requiring MRV systems.

This report analyzes the costs and benefits of managing nitrogen fertilizer in ways that also reduce greenhouse gas emissions in cereal production (rice, wheat, and maize) in India and Mexico. The purpose of this work is to inform finance needed for low emissions agricultural development.

Climate change in Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) is projected to have significant impacts, including rising sea-levels, more violent tropical cyclones and droughts. Fish stocks in the tropical regions of the Pacific are expected to be directly affected by any changes that may occur in the ocean’s ecosystem.

This paper reviews information on climate finance for agricultural adaptation. By examining climate finance mechanisms that are currently in place, the report explores how different mechanisms are set up and managed and conducts an analysis related to governance, funding scope, eligibility, and social inclusiveness.

This working paper examines the development of regional socioeconomic scenarios for West Africa’s development, agriculture, food security and climate impacts. Present four globally consistent regional scenarios framed and outlined by regional experts who crafted narratives and determined key drivers of change.

Research shows that paying attention to gender matters not only for the equity of climate change adaptation programs but also for their efficiency and effectiveness.

Climate finance has largely focused on non-agricultural sectors, while finance for adaptation remains to be largely unexplored. This paper takes stock of existing funds for agricultural adaptation and compares different elements across these.

Mainstreaming climate change strategies on the basis of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) into agricultural food security policies demands multi-dimensional approaches.

This paper synthesizes knowledge within CGIAR and its partners on agricultural practices and technologies to enhance food security, resilience and productivity in a sustainable manner. A number of agricultural practices and technologies which contribute to these objectives were identified and assessed to generate four key lessons.

This working paper synthesizes knowledge within CGIAR on adaptation measures in agricultural systems, for the benefit of parties and observers preparing submissions to the UNFCCC SBSTA.