The primary objective of this report is to provide practical guidance to World Bank teams advising on the design and implementation of reforms of urban water supply and sanitation (WSS) sectors. The reform of urban WSS sectors is needed to increase access to the infrastructure, improve efficiency of operations, and enhance the reliability, sustainability and affordability of the service.

The aim of this capacity building programme is to improve the efficiency and positive impact of urban, community-managed water and sanitation schemes.

Using existing international databases that track disaster occurrence and humanitarian costs, this research attempts to improve understanding of how climate change may affect

The focus over the years in many African countries has been large-scale hydropower schemes. Recent studies have shown that electricity generation through small hydropower (SHP) is gaining owing to its short gestation period, low investment and least environmental impacts.