The primary goal of the annual State of the Climate collection of articles is to document the weather and climate events in 2009 from around the world and put them into accurate historical perspective, with a particular focus on unusual or anomalous events. In total, 37 Essential Climate Variables were reported in 2009.

ICIMOD, in partnership with the MacArthur Foundation, has undertaken an assessment of trends, perceptions, and impacts of climate change on biodiversity in the Eastern Himalayan region and, in the process, sought a broad consensus on climate-change impacts on ecosystem and adaptation measures.

Supported by the MacArthur Foundation, ICIMOD undertook a series of research activities together with partners in the Eastern Himalayas from 2007 to 2008 to provide a preliminary assessment of the impacts and vulnerability of this region to climate change.

A working group was constituted by the Ministry of Water Resources under the Chairmanship of Sh S Kumar, Member, Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) to prepare and approach paper on groundwater quality issues and its mitigation plan in Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep Islands.

We report here an attempt to develop a Database Management System (DBMS) of bio-geo-hydrometeorological parameters needs of the stakeholders
of local level planning for a representative watershed (viz. the Khulgad in Almora district) of Kumaun, Lesser Himalayan terrain in the Uttarakhand. The Khulgad DBMS is constituted of five Geographic Information System (GIS) modules.

An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration influences climate both directly through its radiative effect (i.e., trapping longwave radiation) and indirectly through its physiological effect (i.e., reducing transpiration of land plants).

Yunnan's worst drought for many years has been exacerbated by destruction of forest cover and a history of poor water management.

A study on variation in silica values in groundwater from a small part of the Central Ganga Plain has yielded valuable information on relative roles of geogenic and anthropogenic solute acquisition processes and depth to the deep aquifer system in the area. It is recommended that silica analysis should be a mandatory component of all systematic hydrogeochemical studies.

To achieve sustainable development and to ensure water availability in hydrological basins, water managers need tools to determine the actual evapotranspiration (ET) on a large scale.

Sitting in the front yard of his hut, Babarao Turankar, 50, and his neighbours in Mangi village of south Yavatmal are engaged in deep discussion. Finally, one of them says,

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