India’s current per capita electricity consumption is less than a quarter of the world average but is expected to grow significantly in the future. Shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) are narratives visualising alternative futures of the world.

Having successfully negotiated the international space for India to address and overcome technological and systemic gaps so that it can then build the required ecosystem for phasing out HFCs, the Government of

Biomass pellet production has increased considerably in recent years, mainly due to the demand created by policies and bioenergy-use targets in the European Union (EU). Global biomass pellet production was 24.1 million tonne (Mt) in 2014.

Patents and other intellectual property such as know-how are a complex issue for policy makers and civil society experts, especially considering the large number of patents involved and the sensitivity and confidentiality around licensing agreements. This paper does not attempt to offer a solution to the patent debate.

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are potent greenhouse gases. As HFCs have emerged as the pre-dominant alternative to ozone depleting substances, discussions are underway between the representatives of different parties of the Montreal Protocol (MP) to bring HFCs under the ambit of MP. The Open Ended Working Group (OEWG) of the Montreal

India is following the Hydrochlorofluorocarbon Phaseout Management Plan (HPMP) as part of its international commitment under the Montreal Protocol to mitigate consumption of ozone depleting substances. This transition is almost complete in developed countries.

India has emphasised inclusion of adaptation as a part of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC). For understanding adaptation requirements, we need to understand and value climate change impacts first. This preliminary assessment tries to estimate the cost of global climate change impacts for India.

India has emphasised inclusion of adaptation as a part of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC). For understanding adaptation requirements, need to understand

This document outlines one component of India’s INDC submission to the UNFCCC focussing on the renewable energy contribution to its future electricity mix. So far, the
Government of India has articulated solar targets for renewable energy, which therefore deserves careful analysis.

Trade-off between economic development and environmental protection becomes critical for any country aspiring for high growth for achieving development objectives.

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