Many countries are exploring various alternatives to reduce fuel consumption and preserve air quality in urban areas. There is a variety of attractive measures, such as promoting public transit and bicycle use, deploying congestion pricing or fuel taxes, etc, which have been proven successful in the past.

In transport, many modes have been defined as

Tens of billions of dollars must be spent on protecting millions of people living on the coasts of Asia Pacific if climate change-induced disasters are not to wreak havoc and eradicate decades of development, warns World Vision.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport sector also play an important role in the climate change issue. Carbon dioxide (CO2), a GHG, emissions from the transport sector has risen by the fastest rate in the past three decades. From 1990 to 2004, CO2 emissions from the transport sector alone rose by 36.5%. In developing countries esp.

Cotton-wheat is a long established crop production system of north-western plains of India and Pakistan, and it occupies an important place in the agricultural economy of both these countries. While cotton is a cash crop, wheat provides the necessary food security. Accordingly, this crop rotation has brought rich dividends to the farmers.

In the recent past, most Asian countries have greatly improved their capacities to monitor hazards and to warn, evaluate and provide emergency relief to victims of disasters. As a result, the number of lives lost to disasters such as floods, storms and extreme temperature has decreased significantly. However, the vulnerability within the agriculture sector has continuously increased due to its high level of exposure. It is essential to re-align all disaster management programmes in the agriculture sectors from response to prevention and preparedness.

This paper seeks to capture the dynamics of the industry over the more recent past.

The technical and economic viability of energy efficiency (EE) has become more pronounced as concerns about energy security, climate change and low carbon development intensify. Although the promotion of EE has long been identified as an effective policy tool to manage energy demand, active pursuit of EE still lags behind in many ESCAP countries.