Soil organic carbon was estimated in four land uses viz. forests, plantations, agroforestry and horticulture in Haridwar district. Over all 425 soil samples were collected from different land uses at various locations.

Fodder trees in agro-forestry are planted to overcome the effects of the seasonal shortages or to insure against risks of drought and also to deliver benefits such as shelter, soil conservation, timber and fuel wood. An attempt was made to investigate the peformance of fodder trees in the presence and absence of crops.

A field experiment was conducted on loamy soil with pH 8.10 and Ec 0.42 during 2007-2008 at the demonstration/research farm of Punjab Agricultural University to study the effect of irrigation regimes on leaf area and changes in soil nutrients in the plantation of Eucalyptus clones.

Potential interactions between food production and climate mitigation are explored for two situations in sub-Saharan Africa, where deforestation and land degradation overlap with hunger and poverty.

Based on the traditional wisdom of the tree based farming systems followed since ages across the world, scientific community intervened to harness full benefits of agroforestry land use system and address global issues of land degradation and agricultural sustainability.