Within the framework of the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, that consolidated the provisions of the Water Act of 1974 and the Air Act of 1981, India established pollution control boards to prevent, control and abate environmental pollution.

A major challenge facing developing countries is how to allocate scarce capital, especially public capital, for the provision of basic services. Electrification, as part of an integrated service delivery package, is both a large draw on public funds and also an important catalyst for economic development. One of the major benefits of electrification, but one that is not included in traditional cost-benefit analysis, is the avoided health costs of fuels such as wood, coal and paraffin. March 2005

Indonesian capital Jakarta, the city with the world's third worst air quality after Mexico and Bangkok, will ostensibly reap the benefits of an air pollution bylaw soon. But what is unfortunate is

Despite many studies looking at levels of indoor air pollution, successful initiatives to reduce the burden of ill health are few. One reason may be some commonly held beliefs, especially among those not directly involved in household energy, on some key issues in this field. ITDG has been collaborating on smoke alleviation with the University of Liverpool and other groups internationally for several years. This discussion is based on approaches adopted through two on-going projects funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) in Kenya, Nepal and Sudan. March 2005

The objective of this article is to evaluate (via modeling) the impact of different pollution control scenarios on the shape of the income-emissions relationship. The simulation of emissions and emission controls was conducted using the Climate Change Risk Assessment Framework, which projects SO2 and NOxemissions from energy consumption and conversion and non-energy sources.

Italy is trying new ways to reduce air pollution. On January 16, 2005, car traffic was banned for several hours in many Italian cities. People used public transport, bicycles and even horses to

Proposals for greenhouse-gas reductions have been met with widespread skepticism in the developing world, in part because such countries find their conventional air-pollution problems more pressing. The goal of this article is to examine whether reductions in carbon emissions that are ancillary to conventional pollutant reductions from a policy to phase out small boilers in downtown Taiyuan, China are large enough to make such policies attractive carbon reducing investments to developed countries.

Whenever the issue of how to end pollution is raised, it hits a block: technology. Take the case of air pollution: among other things, the issue boiled down to catalytic convertors, an imported technology. Now that the spectre of contaminated water stares